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Introduction

The Manx is a breed of short-coated domestic cat that is famous for having no tail or shortened tail due to a natural and spontaneous genetic mutation. The Manx cat may come in various stub tail sizes and length but is more famous for being completely tailless. Apart from the tailless characteristic that distinguishes the breed from other cats, Manx has higher hind legs and a rounded head. This breed has been adopted as one of the symbols of the Isle of Man, representing its unique island nation’s culture and history.

Generally, the Manx cat breed is recognized as a Shorthair type of cat. There is also a longhaired variety that some international feline registries recognize as the Cymric, a separate breed with its own set of standards. It is recognized as a breed in by the majority of the international feline registries around the world in various types and names.

The various international feline registries share different views on the types and varieties of the Manx cat breed. In general, the current known variants of Manx breed that exist today, regardless of official recognition and standards from the various feline registries are two coat lengths, three to four tail varieties and four known sub-breeds.

Coat Lengths:                       Tail Varieties:                      Sub-Breeds:
Manx Shorthair                     Rumpy Manx                        Cymric
Manx Longhair                      Rumpy Riser Manx              Isle of Man Shorthair
Stumpy Manx                        Isle of Man Longhair
Tailed Manx                           Tasman Manx

Official Name

Manx

This breed was first called Manks. Common nicknames used to call these cats are Stubbin, Rumpy, Risers and Stumpy. In the traditional Manx language in the Isle of Man, it is called Kayt Manninagh.

Origin

The precise origin or date of development of the Manx breed is unclear but this tailless cat breed has always been associated for centuries with the Isle of Man located off the coast of England in the British Isles.

These cats are prized for being excellent rodent hunters on both land and sea as they have a history of being ship mousers.

Quick FAQs

Size: Manx cats come in small to medium sizes.

Coat Type: Manx cats are generally considered to be shorthaired cats but longhaired coated Manx is recognized by some feline registries.

Body Type: Manx cats have a solid and compact body that is orange-like and rounded in appearance.

Grooming Requirement: Manx with short coats will be easy to groom and requires grooming attention once every week. Those with long coats will require grooming attention two to three times a week.

Vocal Tendency: Manx cats are considered to be average when it comes to being “talkative”.

Energy Levels: Manx cats have an average activity level.

Time Alone: Manx cats will require more than 8 hours of “alone” time every day.

Care: Manx cats are very easy to handle and will need average attention when it comes to caring.

Recognized by

Recognizes the Manx as a distinct short-haired cat breed:

Australian Cat Federation Inc. – Recognizes the Manx as a short-haired cat. The ACF has an official standard for two Manx breeds. Cats that are considered Rumpy and Rumpy Riser types are classified under the Manx breed with a code of MAN 51/52. Stumpy tailed Manx is classified under the Manx Stumpy with a code of MAN 53.

World Cat Federation – Recognizes the Manx as a distinct breed under the Shorthair Breeds Group. The WCF also recognizes three tail varieties with individual set of tail standards. They are Rumpy, Rumpy Riser and Stumpy.

Governing Council of the Cat Fancy – Recognizes the breed simply as the Manx Cat, a distinct breed. GCCF also recognizes three different Manx Breeds. These are Tailless Manx with breed code 25, Stumpy Manx, with breed code 25a and Tailed Manx with breed code 25b.

American Association of Cat Enthusiasts – Recognizes the breed simply as the Manx Cat, a distinct breed.

American Cat Fancier’s Association – Recognizes the breed simply as the Manx Cat, a distinct breed.

Canadian Cat Association – Recognizes the breed simply as the Manx Cat, a distinct breed.

Recognizes two Manx Breed varieties as Shorthair or Longhair:

Cat Fanciers’ Association – Recognizes two Manx varieties with the same set of standards except for the coat length and texture. The Manx Shorthair is the variety with a short length coat. The Manx Longhair is the variety with a medium-length coat. It has a uniformed standard for all set tail varieties.

Coordinating Cat Council of Australia – Recognizes two Manx varieties with the same set of standards except for the coat length and texture. The Manx cats with short hair are the only accepted variant that is eligible for Championship. It calls shorthair variants simply as Manx and the longhaired variety as Manx Longhair. The CCCA also recognizes three tail types which are Rumpie/Rumpie Riser, Stumpie and Tailed.

Recognize the Manx and Cymric under the same breed group with distinct coat standards:

Fédération Internationale Féline – Recognizes the Manx as a short-haired cat. The Longhaired variety is recognized as the Cymric, a separate breed with its own set of standards. FIFE groups the Manx or MAN and Cymric or CYM together and classified the two under Category III. FIFE also recognizes three official tail varieties with an individual set of Tail standards for both Manx and Cymric breeds which are Rumpy, Rumpy Riser and Stumpy.

The International Cat Association – Recognizes the Manx breed as a shorthaired cat breed under the Manx Breed Group with a code MX/CY together with the Cymric. The TICA considers Shorthair cats in this group as Manx, longhair cats in this group as Cymric. It has a uniformed standard for all set tail varieties.

Other feline registries recognize longhaired Manx cats as the Cymric and are a different and separate cat breed from the Manx.

History

The Manx cat breed’s precise historical background is unclear and there are several theories, some of which are considered myths, legends or folktales about this domesticated cat breed’s origin. What is known is that the Manx cat has long been associated with the Manx culture and the Isle of Man which is an island off the coast of England.

Most Manx cat related “folktales,” tell varying stories on how these cats ended up losing their tails. One of the many versions of this cat’s history involves the ill-fated Grande y Felicísima Armada or the Spanish Armada that was set to invade England in 1588. The Spanish fleet suffered a devastating and decisive defeat as the hands of the English Navy with much help from their Dutch allies. It is said that one ship of the fleet was shipwrecked in the waters near the Isle of Man. Aboard the said damaged Spanish ship was a tailless cat who eventually swam ashore the Isle of Man and became the progenitors of the modern Manx cat breed.

Another version goes further back in history, involving the biblical Noah’s Ark. This version tells how Noah accidentally cut off the Manx cat’s tail when he closed the Ark’s door as the epic rain started pouring. There are also modern legends about the Manx cat, depicting how these catslost their tails. The most popular is a reference on how a motorcycle racer, a popular pastime on the Isle of Man, accidentally runs over a cat and cutting off its tail. There is also a myth that the Manx is a result of cat mating with a rabbit, depicting how the cat inherited the tailless traits and long hind legs of the rabbits. This is quite a fanciful theory but is genetically impossible.

There is also a rich variety of theories regarding the Manx cat that originates in the surrounding areas of the Isle of Man. Manx-type cats were believed to have arrived in Cornwall as well as the Danish island of Reerso from ships getting marooned near these islands shores. There are similar cats to the Manx that appeared in the islands located in the Black Sea Peninsula, but it is unclear if they are directly related to the Manx cats from the Isle of Man or from the similar genetic mutation that happened with Manx breed.

A more precise theory on this breed’s origin is associated with the history of the Isle of Man and the Manx culture. The theory believes that these cats are not native of the islands and was brought there by the sea. Their ancestry may have been the same as the British and Irish domesticated cat breeds that can trace their roots to the African Wildcat. In the Manx culture, these cats have been appearing since the early 1800s and were originally called and spelled as Manks. In the local Manx vernacular, it is called as Kayt Manninagh which is English for Cat of Mann. Some also call them as Kayt Cuttagh or bob-tailed cat.

The modern Manx cat breed’s dominant tailless traits are a result of a natural and spontaneous mutation that happened within the domestic cat population on the Isle of Man. Due to the limited genetic diversity and isolation of the island, this dominant genetic mutation became common.

As the tailless Manx cat became common to the island, the human population began using these cats as hunters of rodents on both farms and ships. These cats were fondly called stubbin’ and by the 1800s, Manx cats were being exhibited in various cat shows. By 1903, a set of breed standard was established and published by Charles Henry Lane, a cat expert and owner of the cat Lord Luke, a prize-winning and rare variety of a white Rumpy Manx. By the 1920s, the Cat Fancier’s Association or CFA was one of the first major feline associations that fully recognize the Manx cat breed as pedigree.

Today the Manx cat is a popular breed and distinguished as one of the Isle of Man’s official cultural symbols. They are depicted on the island nation’s currency, commemorative crown coins, postage stamps and various other tourist merchandise.

Across the world, a huge number of Manx inspired characters and stories reached the mainstream pop culture, appearing in all forms of the medium from books, comics, animation, TV series and films. Among the many Manx inspired characters to include Mac Manc McManx of the American daily comic strip Get Fuzzy, Mayor Manx of the US-made animated TV series SWAT Kats, Manx the cat antagonist of Slimer in the cartoon series Slimer! and the Real Ghostbusters and more currently, Stimpy of the Ren and Stimpy Show.

Personality

Manx are said to be gregarious felines that are very sociable and will be very attached to their human owners, their entire human family and friends. These cats are known to show shyness towards strangers. The Manx cat is a very intelligent cat that is often described as dog-like in mental, physical and emotional temperament. They are playful and can be taught to play the game of fetch. Generally known to be docile, good-tempered and very sociable, these cats are also known for being alert and energetic and full courage.

Standards

Appearance
The Manx cat’s very distinguishable and defining characteristic is the absence, near-absence or the much-shortened tail appearance that is caused by a dominant gene that resulted in a genetic mutation affecting the spine’s development. It is also distinguishable from other cat breeds for having longer hind legs and shorter front limbs.

General
Manx cats are small to medium-sized shorthair cats with board chests and sloping shoulders in a firmly muscular but lean and slender body. These cats have noticeable longer hind legs and shorter but stronger front limbs. The overall impression is that of a rabbit-like appearance.

Body
The Manx cats have bodies that are solid and compact and medium in size with a short back that ends in a definite round rump that is orange-like in shape.

Head, Ears and Eyes
The head of the Manx cat is large and rounded in shape with very prominent cheeks. The ears on these cats are medium in size and open at the base that displays narrowing towards the rounded tips. Ears are placed relatively high on the head. Manx cats have large and round eyes and come in all colors that depend on the coat color.

Coat and Tail
Coat length and texture may come in Shorthair or Longhair depending on the specific standards of the various feline registries. Generally, Shorthair cats of this breed have short and soft double coats with longer guard hairs and thicker down hairs that make a well-padded appearance. Longhair cats of this breed have medium length double coats covering the entire body and fall smoothly to the touch with no tendency to matt.
Tail comes in various formations and the standards for each depends on the various feline registries. Generally Manx tail may come in no tail, little tail, tails that are less than 3 to 5 centimeters or full-length tails.

Color
Comes in all colors and patterns and individual coat color definitions vary from one feline registry to the other.

Health

The Manx cat breed’s prized tailless trait is also the reason of various alarming medical problems. The Manx Syndrome, a condition that results when the tailless gene shortens the spine too much can seriously affect and damages the spinal cord and various connected nerves that lead to the disease known as Spina Bifida. This same genetic anomaly also leads to various bowels, bladder and digestion issues that can be fatal. The Manx cat carries a lethal gene making them homozygous and this often results in aborted kittens before being born. Manx with partial tails is very prone to feline arthritis.

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